A moderate-regulation state requires homeschooling parents to submit notification to authorities plus test scores and/or professional evaluations of student progress, representing a middle ground between minimal and extensive oversight.
What is a Moderate-Regulation State?
Moderate-regulation states sit between the extremes of homeschool oversight. Unlike low-regulation states that require only notification (or nothing at all), moderate-regulation states ask families to demonstrate educational progress through standardized testing, professional evaluations, or both. The Home School Legal Defense Association (HSLDA) classifies states into four tiers: no notice required, low regulation (notification only), moderate regulation (notification plus assessment), and high regulation (additional curriculum approval or home visits). Approximately 12-18 states fall into the moderate category, including Ohio, Tennessee, North Carolina, Colorado, and Washington.
Key Takeaways
- Moderate-regulation states require notification plus testing or professional evaluation
- About 12-18 states fall into this middle category of oversight
- Requirements typically include annual notification, standardized testing, and record-keeping
- Some states require high school diploma or GED for the teaching parent
- Most moderate states offer multiple compliance pathways
Typical Requirements
Families in moderate-regulation states generally navigate several compliance layers. Annual notification to the school district or state education department starts the process. Standardized testing at designated intervals—often annually or at specific grades—provides academic documentation. Some states accept professional evaluations as alternatives to testing, where a certified teacher reviews student work and progress. Teacher qualification requirements in some moderate states mandate that the homeschooling parent hold a high school diploma or GED. Record-keeping of curriculum, attendance, and student work samples may be required though typically not submitted unless requested.
States in This Category
Compared to Other Regulation Levels
Low-regulation states (11 total, including Texas, Idaho, and Illinois) require only notification or nothing at all—no testing, curriculum oversight, or teacher qualifications. High-regulation states (5 total: New York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Vermont, Rhode Island) pile on additional requirements like curriculum approval, quarterly reports, teacher qualifications, or potential home visits. Moderate states occupy practical middle ground, providing some accountability structure without micromanaging curriculum choices or requiring extensive bureaucratic interaction. For many families, moderate regulation feels manageable—periodic testing proves progress without constant oversight.
The Bottom Line
Moderate-regulation states balance accountability with family autonomy. While the testing and notification requirements add some administrative burden, they're typically straightforward to fulfill. The specific requirements vary enough between states that researching your exact obligations matters—Ohio's portfolio option differs significantly from Tennessee's grade-specific testing. Check HSLDA's state-by-state guide for current requirements, keeping in mind that homeschool laws evolve and consulting your state's Department of Education ensures compliance.
